Specifically, it explains how the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs) and national plant protection organization (NPPO) regulations affect the import and export of forest commodities; how relevant ISPMs can be used to prevent pest introduction and spread; and how forest-sector personnel can work together with NPPOs to contribute to the development and implementation of ISPMs and national phytosanitary regulations that help reduce pest movement while restricting trade as little as possible. The guide will be of vital interest to people involved in nursery activitie s, planting, managing, harvesting, manufacturing, trading and transporting forest products. It will also benefit forest policy-makers, planners, managers and educators, particularly in developing countries. This is the second edition of the guide, originally published in 2011, including updated information.