Observation and Experiment

A daily glass of wine prolongs lifeyet alcohol can cause life-threatening cancer. Some say raising the minimum wage will decrease inequality while others say it increases unemployment. Scientists once confidently claimed that hormone replacement therapy reduced the risk of heart disease but now they equally confidently claim it raises that risk. What should we make of this endless barrage of conflicting claims?

Observation and Experiment is an introduction to causal inference by one of the field's leading scholars. An award-winning professor at Wharton, Paul Rosenbaum explains key concepts and methods through lively examples that make abstract principles accessible. He draws his examples from clinical medicine, economics, public health, epidemiology, clinical psychology, and psychiatry to explain how randomized control trials are conceived and designed, how they differ from observational studies, and what techniques are available to mitigate their bias.

"Carefully and precisely writtenreflecting superb statistical understanding, all communicated with the skill of a master teacher."
Stephen M. Stigler, author of The Seven Pillars of Statistical Wisdom

"An excellent introductionWell-written and thoughtfulfrom one of causal inference's noted experts."
Journal of the American Statistical Association

"Rosenbaum is a gifted expositoran outstanding introduction to the topic for anyone who is interested in understanding the basic ideas and approaches to causal inference."
Psychometrika

"A very valuable contributionHighly recommended."
International Statistical Review

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