"Ancient Art and Ritual" is a short, "popular" book by Jane Ellen Harrison (1850-1928), who was a classical scholar by training, and a student of anthropology (or sociology) when Frazer's "The Golden Bough" was still astonishing (or infuriating) classicists with its message that the customs and beliefs of "beastly heathen savages" might shed light on those of the Greeks and Romans.