Applications of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy to Catalytic Studies

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has become a standard practice technique, and automated XPS facilities can be found in industry and in universities all over the world. This transformed XPS from an advanced characterization method for dedicated research, to a rather standard analysis technique of surface analysis. The catalyst's surface state is probably the most prominent factor that influences the catalytic performance. It is therefore no surprise that XPS has become an indispensable tool in studies of solid catalysts. It has been directly used to investigate issues such as the surface composition of the active catalyst and reaction and deactivation mechanisms.

The objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status and future perspectives of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy dedicated to catalytic applications, including thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photo(electro)catalysis. The book contains 13 chapters, starting with the necessary introduction of the technique background, including basic phenomena and instrumentation aspects. The second part of the book focuses on the presentation of long-established applications of the technique, such as XPS studies of model catalysts. Finally, the book describes relatively recent developments of this method for cutting-edge surface characterization mainly using synchrotron X-ray radiation.

Contents:

• X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy in Catalysis: Impact and Historical Background (Spyridon Zafeiratos)
• Practical Aspects of XPS: From Sample Preparation to Spectra Interpretation (Dmitry Y Zemlyanov)
• Introduction to Chemical State Analysis by XPS with Examples (George H Major, Neal Fairley, Vincent Fernandez and Matthew R Linford)
• The Practical Dos and Don'ts of Using XPS to Qualify and Quantify Powder Catalysts (Saulius Kaciulis)
• XPS Analysis of Electrically Insulating Catalytic Materials (David J Morgan)
• Assigning XPS Peaks to Chemical Environments Using First-Principles Calculations (Gabriel L S Rodrigues, Mikael Valter, Peter Amann and Lars G M Pettersson)
• Application of XPS in Studies of Model Catalysts: From Single Crystals to Supported Nanoparticles (Günther Rupprechter)
• Application of Photoelectron Spectroscopy to Align the Energy Levels of Photocatalysts (Andreas Klein)
• Time-Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Understanding of the Photocatalytic Phenomenon (Kenichi Ozawa)
• Catalysts at Work by Near-Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Emilia A Carbonio and Detre Teschner)
• Scanning and Full-Field Imaging Photoelectron Microscopy Studies Relevant to Heterogeneous Catalysis (Luca Gregoratti, Andrea Locatelli and Maya Kiskinova)
• Applying XPS to Study Solid/Liquid Interfaces (Pinar Aydogan Gokturk, Yifan Ye and Ethan J Crumlin)
• NAP-XPS Studies of Mixed Conducting Electrodes During High-Temperature Electrochemical Reactions (David N Mueller)

Readership: The primary market of the book are researchers and graduate students, working in the field of catalysis and materials science. Also of use to catalysis industry professionals who are looking for a concrete and simplified resource dedicated to the recent advances of the technique in their field.
Key Features:

• This book is the first that is entirely dedicated to the applications of XPS in catalysis research. An important feature of this book is that contains chapters dedicated to in situ/operando studies in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis based on recent technological advancements, which is a relatively novel field of XPS application
• The book contains also classical applications of XPS in heterogeneous catalyst studies, like fo

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