CLASS 11 NCERT POLITY IInd SHORT NOTES IN ENGLISH

Political Theory :-

Political theory is called 'Political Theory' in the English language. It originates from the Greek word 'Theria'. The meaning of the word 'Theria' is 'from the point of view of understanding, a focused mental vision obtained in the state of contemplation, which reveals the existence and reasons of that object.

Political theory is a phrase which includes political thinking, political philosophy, political ideas, political analysis, political analysis, political ideology, principles of political system etc.

Political theory phenomenon:-

Political theory phenomenon political system social system period environment

Origin of political theory:-

Ancient Greece :- Concern for identifying the moral goals of the state (Plato, Aristotle).

Middle period :- Political theory was related to religion. The state has been expected to train the individual.

Modern period :- Consideration of hypotheses regarding the origin of the state and state organization and functions.

In the 21st century :- Sensitive to the values that are essential for humanity.

Politics (Politics):-

The English word 'Politics' originates from the Greek word 'Polisis', which means city state.

In ancient Greece, the subject studying the entire civil life of the city state is called 'Politics'.

Politics is called in English, the word "Politics" is derived from the Greek word "Polis", which means "city state".

Ancient Greek writer Aristotle started his great treatise "Politics" with the sentence that "Man is by nature a political animal."

Opinions of Greek scholars regarding politics:-

Greek thinkers believed that family, education, institutions, justice, law and government all play an important role in making life good and hence all these are subjects of "politics".

According to Garner :- "Political science begins with the state and ends with the state."

According to Gettle:- "Politics is the study of the past, present and future of the state."

Opinions of ancient Indian thinkers regarding politics:-

According to ancient Indian thinkers, politics has been called 'Rajdharma or Dandanithi'.

That is, in ancient India, the meaning of politics was not the study of states but state religion and criminal policy.

The study of politics was in a very developed state in ancient India. The names of Manu and Kautilya are notable among the ancient Indian masters.

Major Elements of Politics:-

Politics is a human activity.

Politics is the result of conflict.

Politics is a changing activity.

Politics is a struggle for power.

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