The crossroads between computational modeling and the biosciences. It is ambitious but fruitful interdisciplinary research, and this special issue aims to illustrate different presentations of it. The added advantage is that any fragment of tissue from which DNA can be extracted, (and this can be as small as a dried drop of blood, or a single hair root) is enough to identify the human from which it originated. At the same time, however, the state's academic bioscience R&D base has not kept pace with growth at the national level. Between 2004 and 2008, academic bioscience R&D grew 13.8 percent in Iowa as compared to a 22.3 percent increase at the national level. To encompass the range of relevant private sector life science activity in the U.S., many detailed industries must be combined. Battelle has assisted many states and local areas throughout the U.S. in identifying and developing their bioscience industry base. After years of research and field work. This book, which we hope will lay the foundations for the next generation of this subject.