Le Ventre de Paris [l vt d pai] (1873) is the third novel in Émile Zola's twenty-volume series Les Rougon-Macquart. It is set in and around Les Halles, the enormous, busy central market of 19th-century Paris. Les Halles, rebuilt in cast iron and glass during the Second Empire was a landmark of modernity in the city, the wholesale and retail center of a thriving food industry. Le Ventre de Paris(translated into English under many variant titles but literally meaning The Belly of Paris) is Zola's first novel entirely on the working class.