Mushroom cultivation is the controlled and systematic process of growing edible and medicinal mushrooms. It involves selecting the mushroom species, obtaining spores or spawn, preparing a suitable growing medium, inoculating the medium with spores or spawn, incubating the mixture in specific conditions, and eventually transitioning it to fruiting conditions with adequate light and ventilation. Consistent moisture levels are maintained throughout the growth cycle. Harvesting is done when mushrooms reach maturity, and multiple harvests can often be obtained from the same substrate. Mushroom cultivation requires careful attention to detail and consideration of the specific requirements of the chosen mushroom species, making it a rewarding but skill-intensive endeavor.