What is the cause of the darkness of recession that results from excess supply and insufficient consumer demand? Why does an economic boom not continue and always become a recession? This long unexplained situation by economists is tackled in this book, which pursues the core problems of what governs fluctuations in capitalistic economies, and why an economy falls into a recession. By way of a series of examples, the reader is gradually guided through the complex world of economics via a simple theory to see what governs the economy and so become enabled to understand the issues involved.