Arendt's 1958 work asks two fundamental questions:"Under what conditions do politics emerge?" and"Under what conditions can politics be eliminated?"In searching for answers, she turns some longestablishedthinking on its head. Ancient politicalphilosophers such as Plato and Aristotle believed thata life spent thinking was more important than an activelife of labor, work, and action. But, basing her theorieson how human beings actually experience politics,Arendt argues that political action is every bit asimportant as political thinking. She also focuseson pluralitywhere different ideas and lifestylescan peacefully coexistas one of the basicconditions of humanity.