This book focuses on parenthood and generativity, considered not only a set of biological functions, but as human and socio-cultural capabilities above and beyond gender differences. The authors reconsider in particular the institution of motherhood, emphasizing the historical and social function of women. Alongside a refl ection on the gender role of women as mothers and wives, this volume explores male identities and fatherhood. While claiming that parenthood and care are human characteristics and not just gendered or female attributes the authors suggest the adoption of a gylanic perspective on inter-gender relationships.